Apparatus for producing a vacuum



(No Model.) 2 sheets-sheen 1.

w. L. BORNE. APPARATUS POR PRODUCINGIA VACUUM. No. 372,070., f Patented 001;. 25, 1887.

, s s s i(No Mdel.) `2 sheets-sheet 2.

W. L. BORNE.

APPARATUS POR PRODUCING A VACUUM. l

NQ. 372.070. Patnted oct. 25, 1887.

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9H: ITL-U am?" w'vmfw u y /C SMM NITED STATES PATENT trice.

.WILLIAM HORNE, OF MERIDEN, CONNECTICUT.

APPARATUSl FOR PRODUCING A VACUUM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 372,070, dated October 25, 1887.

Application tiled JanuaryQ'l, 1887. Serial No. 225,702. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concer-72,:

Be it known that l, WILLTAM L. HORNE, a citizen of the United States', residing at Meriden, in the county of New Haven and State ofv Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Producing a Vacuum; and ldo hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to means for producing a vacuum; and it consists in the construction hereinafterdescribed,and particularly pointed out in the claims.

lt is well known that a current of liquid passing quickly through air carries some of the air with it, and this principle has been utilized in hydranlicair-pumps. In this class of devices it has been found that the smalleurrents are more effective in proportion than the larger ones.

The object ofnmy invention is to employ these pumps in a vacuum apparatus in the most effective way, so as to produce an apparatus which shall be the most effective for the amount ofliquid employed, and which shall be capable \of being cheaply and Yaccurately constructed.l

In the'drawings, Figure lis a vertical sectional View of my vacuum-pump. Fig. 2 isa view of the bottom ofthe upper plate of my apparatus. Fig. 3 is a view showing the apparatus partially immersed, with tank in sec tion. Figpt is a side view of the apparatus with the parts in reversed position, with the inclosing tank in section.

The main portion `of my apparatus consists of two plates, A and B, of considerable thickness. The upper plate, A, is provided on its under side with a hollow circular recess, a, so that when the two plates are brought together there is a shallow space between the two plates'. The upper plate is provided with tapering passages a through it, having their smaller diameter in the lower face of the plate. The plate B is provided with corresponding passages, b, of inverted tapering form, with their smaller diameter a short distance below the upper face of the plate. These passages, from the smaller diameter upward,have an opposite taper, so that the openings in the upper surface of plate B shall be larger than the openings in the lower face of plate A. The passages in the two plates are exactly opposite each other, the passages in the plate B being in their smaller diameter slightly larger than those of the plate A.

The relative diameters of the passages a b have an effect in the results attained by the apparatusunder differing conditions. For instance, the less the diametertof the passages b exceeds that of the passages a the greater the effect of the apparatus under a small pressure of the liquid employed; and when the difference between the dimensions of these passages is increased, i-n order to secure best results, the pressure of the liquid must also be increased. lt will be understood that if the two sets of passages are of the same diameter the utility of the apparatus will be destroyed; and, on the other hand, if the diameter of the passages b are too greatly increased, the same result will follow.

The plate B is fitted with pipes b', forming continuations of the passages b. These may be of any length'preferred or found most desirable. These pipes should not be of much greater diameter than the passages b, and their function is to assist in preventing the return of air once expelled through the tubes. If these tubes were not employed,particles of air would attach themselves to the bottom of plate B, even though the same were immersed in liquid, and would at the rst opportunity return through the nearest passage to the space between the plates and destroy a vacuum,had one been produced. The plate B is also provided with an opening through the same, and a pipe, C, connected therewith.v The two plates A and B are connected by screws d, or any other suitable connecting means, and plate A has the liquidsupply pipe attached thereto by a screw-connection, (shown at e,) or by any other preferred construction. When the devices are large and the plates of considerable extent, I connect the liquidsuppl'y pipe to plate A, throughthe intervcntiouof a tapering piece or hood, E.

In operation the lower ends of the pipes b are preferably sealed with the liquid used in the apparatus, asshown in Fig. 3; but this is ICO not always necessary. The whole apparatus may, if desired, be entirely submerged as far as the dotted line in the same figure, or even farther.

In Fig/i the apparatus is shown with the plate B above the plate A, andthe liquidsupply pipe brought under and the water discharged from the top of the machine. In this case I dispense with the pipes b', but cover the upper face ot the plate with the liquid emv ployed.

rIhe plates A and B may be of any size desired. Where the plates A, and B are of considerable size, two or more supply-pipes and two or more air-pipes may be used.

Any liquid may be employed.A This liquid is admitted to theupper plate through 'the supplypipe,and, passing through the passages ct', enters the passages b, carryingaportion ol the air in theintervening space with it. The pipe C being connected with the receptacle desired to be exhausted of air,and each ot` the passages ct b operating to carry oii a portion ot' the air in the space between the two plates, the operation is rapid and effective.

I do not limit myself to the exact construction shown and described, as the parts may be considerably varied without departing from the spirit of my invention.

What I elai in, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

I. Ana-ir-pulup consistiugof aliquidvsupply conduit, in combination with two or more passages for said liquid communicating therewith, and asingle air-conduit in communication with all ofsaid passages by small openings, substantiall y as described.

2. An air-puinp consisting ot` two plates,one superposed upon the other, and provided with a passage or passages forming a liquid-conduit through said plates, in combination with a liquid supply common to said passage or passages, and an air-connection with said passage or pas sages within said plates, substantially as de scribed.

3. An air-pump consisting ot the combination,with two plates, one superposed upon the other with a space between them, each of said plates being provided with passages corresponding with those of the other,wherebyliq uid can be passed from the passages in one plate into those of the other, of a liquid-supply common to all the passages of one plate, and an air-pipe communicating with the space between the plates, substantiall y as described.

4. In an air-pump, the combination,with two superposed plates having liquid passages through them, and an air-connection with said passages within the plates, o tubes connected with the lower plate forming continuations of the passages within the plates, substantially as described.

5. The combination, with the plate A, having the recess a in the face of the sarne,and the tapering apertures c therein, of the plate B,

having passages b of a double tapering form,

the two plates A and B being connected so that the passages b form a continuation of thcpassages a., asingle liquid-supplypipe connecting with all the passages af, and a single airpipe connecting with the space @between the plates, substantially as described.

G. rlhc combination, with the plate A, having the recess a in the face ot' the same, and tapering passages a through the same, of the plate B, having the doubletapered passages b, and pipes b, forming continuations ot' thcsamc, the expanded liquid-supply pipe E, the said pipe and the plates being connected so that the pipe E communicates with all ofthe passages a', and the passages ct and b are opposite each other, and the latter form contiuuations ofthe former, an air-pipe communicating with the recess a between the plates, and a liquidrcscrvoir inclosing said parts, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence ot two witnesses.

\Vl\I. L. HORNE.

Witnesses:

E. T. WALKER, L. V. WHITAKER. 

